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HelpTest ID: MP3AZ Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA, Full Gene Analysis, Varies
Reporting Name
MPS IIIA, Full Gene AnalysisUseful For
Identifying sequence variants within the SGSH gene
Confirmation of a diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA
Carrier testing, when there is a family history of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA, but disease-causing variants have not been previously identified
Clinical Information
Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS-III), also known as Sanfilippo syndrome, is an autosomal recessive condition that consists of 4 different types (A, B, C, and D). Each type of MPS-III results from the absence of 1 of 4 lysosomal enzymes, which leads to the lysosomal accumulation of heparan sulfatase. Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS-IIIA), or Sanfilippo syndrome A, is caused by variants in the SGSH gene and is characterized by reduced or absent activity of the sulfamidase enzyme. This test screens for variants in all 8 exons of the SGSH gene.
Sanfilippo syndrome is characterized by severe central nervous system degeneration with only mild physical disease. Onset of clinical features, most commonly behavioral problems and delayed development, usually occurs between 2 and 6 years in a child who previously appeared normal. Severe neurologic degeneration occurs in most patients by 6 to 10 years, accompanied by a rapid deterioration of social and adaptive skills. Death generally occurs by the 20’s.
Measurement of mucopolysaccharides in blood or urine can aid in diagnosis and ongoing therapeutic monitoring (MPSBS / Mucopolysaccharidosis, Blood Spot or MPSQU / Mucopolysaccharides Quantitative, Random, Urine).
Interpretation
All detected alterations are evaluated according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommendations.(1) Variants are classified based on known, predicted, or possible pathogenicity and reported with interpretive comments detailing their potential or known significance.
Reflex Tests
| Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| FIBR | Fibroblast Culture | Yes | No |
| CRYOB | Cryopreserve for Biochem Studies | No | No |
Testing Algorithm
If skin biopsy is received, fibroblast culture for genetic test will be added and charged separately.
Report Available
14 to 20 daysDay(s) Performed
Varies
Clinical Reference
1. Richards S, Aziz N, Bale S, et al: Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology. Genet Med. 2015 May;17(5):405-424
2. Valstar MJ, Neijs S, Bruggenwirth HT, et al: Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA: clinical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations. Ann Neurol. 2010;68(6):876-887
3. Yogalingam G, Hopwood JJ: Molecular genetics of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA and IIIB: Diagnostic, clinical, and biological implications. Hum Mutat. 2001;18(4):264-281
Method Name
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) followed by DNA Sequencing
Specimen Type
VariesOrdering Guidance
For diagnosis or ongoing therapeutic monitoring, order either MPSBS / Mucopolysaccharidosis, Blood Spot or MPSQU / Mucopolysaccharides Quantitative, Random, Urine.
Shipping Instructions
Specimen preferred to arrive within 96 hours of collection.
Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: A previous bone marrow transplant from an allogenic donor will interfere with testing. Call 800-533-1710 for instructions for testing patients who have received a bone marrow transplant.
Submit only 1 of the following specimens:
Preferred:
Specimen Type: Whole blood
Container/Tube:
Preferred: Lavender top (EDTA) or yellow top (ACD)
Acceptable: Any anticoagulant
Specimen Volume: 3 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Invert several times to mix blood.
2. Send specimen in original tube.
Specimen Stability Information: Ambient (preferred)/Refrigerated
Specimen Type: Cultured fibroblasts
Container/Tube: T-75 or T-25 flask
Specimen Volume: 1 Full T-75 flask or 2 full T-25 flasks
Specimen Stability Information: Ambient (preferred)/Refrigerated <24 hours
Specimen Type: Skin biopsy
Supplies: Fibroblast Biopsy Transport Media (T115)
Container/Tube: Sterile container with any standard cell culture media (eg, minimal essential media, RPMI 1640). The solution should be supplemented with 1% penicillin and streptomycin.
Specimen Volume: 4-mm punch
Specimen Stability Information: Refrigerated (preferred)/Ambient
Acceptable:
Specimen Type: Blood spot
Supplies: Card - Blood Spot Collection (Filter Paper) (T493)
Container/Tube:
Preferred: Collection card (Whatman Protein Saver 903 Paper)
Acceptable: Ahlstrom 226 filter paper, or Blood Spot Collection Card
Specimen Volume: 2 to 5 Blood Spots on collection card
Collection Instructions:
1. An alternative blood collection option for a patient older than 1 year of age is finger stick.
2. Let blood dry on the filter paper at ambient temperature in a horizontal position for 3 hours.
3. Do not expose specimen to heat or direct sunlight.
4. Do not stack wet specimens.
5. Keep specimen dry
Specimen Stability Information: Ambient (preferred)/Refrigerated
Additional Information:
1. For collection instructions, see Blood Spot Collection Instructions in Special Instructions.
2. For collection instructions in Spanish, see Blood Spot Collection Card-Spanish Instructions (T777) in Special Instructions.
3. For collection instructions in Chinese, see Blood Spot Collection Card-Chinese Instructions (T800) in Special Instructions.
Specimen Minimum Volume
Blood: 1 mL
Blood Spots: 5 punches, 3-mm diameter
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Varies | Varies | ||
Special Instructions
Reference Values
An interpretive report will be provided.
Test Classification
This test was developed, and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
81479-Unlisted molecular pathology procedure code
88233-Tissue culture, skin, or solid tissue biopsy (if appropriate)
88240-Cryopreservation (if appropriate)
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| MP3AZ | MPS IIIA, Full Gene Analysis | 76032-2 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 53999 | Result Summary | 50397-9 |
| 54000 | Result | 82939-0 |
| 54001 | Interpretation | 69047-9 |
| 54002 | Additional Information | 48767-8 |
| 54003 | Specimen | 31208-2 |
| 54004 | Source | 31208-2 |
| 54005 | Released By | 18771-6 |
Forms
1. New York Clients-Informed consent is required. Document on the request form or electronic order that a copy is on file. The following documents are available in Special Instructions:
-Informed Consent for Genetic Testing (T576)
-Informed Consent for Genetic Testing-Spanish (T826)
2. Molecular Genetics: Biochemical Disorders Patient Information (T527) in Special Instructions